Levious Chiukira on Customs and Trade

  Recovery cost on infrastructure becoming non-tariff barrier to trade case of Zimbabwe Beitbridge Border Post Upgrade.   From a global perspective, movement of commercial trade across the globe has witnessed a well-coordinated transport network through economic liberalization making it possible for firms in the industrial and retail sector to register tremendous growth, with reference to the developed countries (Hanif and Kaluwa 2016). The efforts at global level have been the eradication of both tariff and non-tariff barriers with the implementation of World Trade Organisation Trade Facilitation Agreement (WTO TFA). The major thrust has been on eradication of mainly non-tariff barriers which have continued to resurface in different forms regardless of the efforts being put. The major cost drive in Africa has remained related to transport and logistics which are high as compared to other regions. Of late the dilapidated railways systems have put pressure on road infrastructure